Learning Objective: The objective of this lesson is to introduce students to the process of decision-making using Benjamin Franklin’s Pros and Cons method. Students will learn how to break down a decision into a list of pros and cons, evaluate their significance and likelihood, assign weightings, and compare options to determine the best course of action. Additionally, students will explore modern decision-making models in fields such as psychology, neuroscience, artificial intelligence, aviation, and aerospace.
Description: In this lesson, students will learn about Benjamin Franklin’s decision-making process known as the Pros and Cons method. They will understand how this method involves creating a comprehensive list of the potential positive outcomes (pros) and negative outcomes (cons) of a decision. By evaluating each item on the list and assigning weightings based on importance, students will be able to compare options and make informed decisions.
The lesson will also introduce students to modern decision-making models rooted in psychology, neuroscience, and artificial intelligence. They will explore concepts such as machine learning algorithms for pattern recognition and predictions, decision intelligence that combines human intuition with machine learning, big data analytics, and predictive modeling.
Moreover, the lesson will discuss decision-making models used in aviation and aerospace, such as Crew Resource Management (CRM) and Threat and Error Management (T.E.M). Students will learn how these models prioritize safety, emphasize teamwork and communication, and provide a structured approach to decision-making.
The lesson will cover the Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM) framework, which is a systematic approach used by pilots to make safe and effective decisions. Students will understand the various steps of ADM, including identifying personal attitudes hazardous to safe flight, learning behavior modification techniques, applying risk management principles, evaluating ADM skills, identifying and mitigating stress, and developing situational awareness.
Additionally, students will explore the OODA (Observe, Orient, Decide, Act) loop, a framework used in aviation psychology for making quick and effective decisions in high-pressure situations. They will understand how each step of the OODA loop helps in assessing the situation, analyzing risks, making informed decisions, and executing actions.
The concept of the compound effect will be introduced, emphasizing how small actions taken consistently over time can lead to significant results. Students will learn the importance of consistency and habit formation in achieving goals.
The lesson will also touch on creating a growth mindset, setting up positive cues, finding role models, celebrating progress, embracing challenges, and focusing on learning. Students will understand how developing good habits, routines, and surrounding themselves with positive influences can contribute to achieving excellence.
Lastly, the lesson will introduce concepts from samurai culture, such as mushin (empty mind) and zanshin (remaining mind). Students will learn how these concepts relate to being present, focused, and prepared in high-pressure situations.
By the end of the lesson, students will have a comprehensive understanding of decision-making processes, both historical and modern, and be equipped with various tools and models to make effective decisions in different contexts.
